What is 'fair use' criteria: purpose, nature, amount, effect.

• A. Purpose/character, nature of work, amount used, and effect on market determine whether use qualifies as fair use.
• B. Audience size, color, length, and price.
• C. Intent, risk, distribution, and novelty.
• D. Source credibility, author, publication date, and license.

Answer: (A)

Fair use is evaluated by four factors used to decide if a use without permission is allowed. The first factor looks at the purpose and character of the use—whether it’s transformative (adding new meaning or value) or primarily copies for profit. The second factor considers the nature of the copyrighted work—uses involving factual or non-fiction material are often viewed more favorably than highly creative works. The third factor examines the amount used and the notion of substantiality—using smaller portions and keeping the most important parts in mind tends to support fair use, though even small amounts can be problematic if they capture the essence of the work. The fourth factor assesses the effect on the market or potential market for the original—uses that undermine sales or licensing opportunities are less likely to be deemed fair use.

This option lists the four elements that courts apply to determine fair use. The other choices mention factors like audience size, color, length, price, or concepts such as intent, risk, distribution, and license, which aren’t part of the standard fair use analysis.